Information regarding participants’ characteristics, including sex, date of birth, civil status, and socioeconomic status, was collected from this Census. All participants were free of cancer while entering to the cohort and 30 years of age or older between January 1st 2001 and December 31st 2009. We conducted a prospective cohort study based on the Swedish Population and Housing Census in 1990, including 5,365,608 individuals born in Sweden. To this end, we hypothesized that a cancer diagnosis might serve as a potential emotional trigger for TGA. However, suicide and cardiovascular diseases likely represent only the tip of iceberg for the enormous psychological distress a newly diagnosed cancer patient experiences. Among others, we have previously reported highly increased risks of cardiovascular diseases and suicide immediately after cancer diagnosis. ![]() Psychological distress likely persists during the entire disease course, including the diagnostic workup, primary cancer treatment, disease recurrence, metastasis, and the eventual end of life stage. Being diagnosed and living with cancer is highly stressful. ![]() The idea that a cancer diagnosis, independent of the cancer disease itself or the treatment, may serve as a severe psychological stress and lead to serious health consequences has only recently been developed. On the contrary, no epidemiological study has to our knowledge examined the association of severely stressful life events with the risk of TGA. hypothesized that the amnesic syndrome of TGA may be triggered by a temporary shutdown of neurotransmitters during a depression-like attack. Emotional stress may also result in hippocampal dysfunction, leading to a consequent loss of memory. For example, psychological disturbance may cause transient alteration in brain metabolism and, subsequently, amnesia. The underlying mechanism for the proposed stress-TGA link has also been explored recently. found that TGA patients cope with stress less efficiently and exhibit an elevated anxiety level. The potential triggering events for TGA have further proposed to induce a strong stress response, leading to subsequent changes of homeostasis. Other studies have also suggested that TGA patients are more likely to carry a psychopathological personality or demonstrate an emotional instability. Īlthough little is known regarding the etiology of TGA, empirical evidence suggests a higher than expected prevalence of precipitating events, including both emotionally and physically stressful situations before the onset of TGA episodes. Given a lack of diagnostic tests, TGA remains a clinical diagnosis where other causes of amnesia such as epilepsy or stroke need to be excluded. The incidence is largely age dependent and among middle aged and older individuals, the incidence has been estimated to reach 30 cases per 100,000 person-years. TGA occurs most common at the age of 50–80 years and has an overall incidence of 5–11 per 100,000 person-years. Transient global amnesia (TGA) is one of the most striking syndromes in clinical neurology, characterized by a sudden onset of profound global amnesia (both retrograde and anterograde) which usually lasts less than 24 hours and typically resolves within a few hours. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. 201309370015), URL: Swedish Society for Medical Research, URL: Karolinska Institutet, URL: Lindhés Advokatbyrå AB (LA2014-0352), URL. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper.įunding: This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (No. ![]() Received: NovemAccepted: FebruPublished: April 7, 2015Ĭopyright: © 2015 Zhu et al. ![]() Lafrenie, Sudbury Regional Hospital, CANADA (2015) Is a Cancer Diagnosis Associated with Subsequent Risk of Transient Global Amnesia? PLoS ONE 10(4):Īcademic Editor: Robert M. Citation: Zhu J, Lu D, Sveinsson O, Wirdefeldt K, Fall K, Piehl F, et al.
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